Neurol. pro Praxi, 2004; 3: 146-149

Toxické a lékové myopatie

prof. MUDr. Josef Bednařík CSc
Neurologická klinika LF MU a FN u sv. Anny, Brno

Keywords: toxické myopatie, lékové myopatie, myopatie kritického stavu.

Published: December 31, 2004  Show citation

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Bednařík J. Toxické a lékové myopatie. Neurol. praxi. 2004;7(3):146-149.

K relativně častým toxickým nelékovým myopatiím patří alkoholická myopatie, zejména její akutní forma (alkoholická rabdomyolýza). Postihuje až 1/10 alkoholiků přijatých do nemocnice a manifestuje se bolestí v dolních končetinách následovanou slabostí a v těžších případech až myoglobinurií. K nově popsaným jednotkám patří myopatie kritického stavu, rozvíjející se u značné části nemocných v kritického stavu provázeném sepsí, multiorgánovým selháním a u části případů po předchozí léčbě kortikosteroidy a blokátory nervosvalového přenosu.

K nejzávažnějším a nejčastějším polékovým myopatiím patří steroidní myopatie (způsobená zvýšeným katabolizmem svalových proteinů), nekrotizující myopatie při léčbě statiny, fibráty či cyklosporinem a mitochondriální myopatie při léčbě AIDS zidovudinem. Ke specifickým komplikacím farmakologické léčby se současným svalovým postižením patří neuroleptický maligní syndrom a syndrom maligní hypertermie.

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