Neurol. praxi. 2018;19(2):135-138
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor panencephalitis – case report
- Klinika dětské neurologie LF MU a FN Brno, Akademické centrum pro epilepsie, Brno
Encephalitis with antibodies to N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDAR) is currently the second most common autoimmuneencephalitis in adolescents and young adults (after ADEM – acute disseminated encephalomyelitis). Due to the rapid developmentof laboratory diagnostics and the discovery of the nature of this disease, namely antibodies to N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors,the diagnosis has been taken out of a subset of autoimmune encephalitis and has become a separate, independent unit (Dalmauet al., 2007). Because of the above, the exact incidence and prevalence of the disease is not yet known and an underdiagnosis ofthe patients is anticipated. Anti-NMDAR encephalitis is a disease with subacute onset, manifested by a complex of progressingneurological-psychiatric problems. It requires intensive and prolonged immunosuppressive therapy, not rarely with the supportand monitoring of vital functions in intensive care units. Disease prognosis, however, is favorable, and the "outcome" is based onearly diagnosis and subsequently properly chosen therapy. This paper offers a brief summary of information about anti-NMDARencephalitis. It mainly focuses on clinical manifestation and progression, diagnosis, including the results of secondary paraclinicalexaminations, immunosuppressive therapy management, and prognosis of the disease. In the conclusion, we present a casereport of our patient with a typical course of autoimmune encephalitis with antibodies against NMDAR.
Keywords: N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor, autoimmune encephalitis, oligoclonal bands, catatonia.
Published: May 1, 2018 Show citation
