Neurol. praxi. 2025;26(2):154-162 | DOI: 10.36290/neu.2024.065

The potential of artificial intelligence in the diagnosis and treatment of neurological diseases

prof. MUDr. David Školoudík, Ph.D.
Neurologická klinika, Fakultní nemocnice Ostrava

Although the idea of artificial intelligence (AI) can be found as early as the ancient philosophers, it is only the development of computing technology in recent decades that has enabled the practical development of AI. In recent decades, AI has begun to make a significant impact in many fields, including medicine, not least neurology. AI is currently being tested in diagnosis and treatment planning for many neurological diseases. In particular, the use of AI in evaluating neuroimaging findings seems promising. AI is being tested in the diagnosis and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, especially Alzheimer's dementia, diagnosis and treatment of stroke, multiple sclerosis, monitoring of epilepsy or in neurorehabilitation and neuro-oncology. Other important applications of AI include neurological research. However, the development of AI also raises many ethical issues that will need to be resolved in the future. Although AI has considerable potential in the diagnosis and treatment of neurological diseases, there is a need to carefully and critically validate individual results of specific applications of AI before integrating it into clinical workflows.

Keywords: neurology, stroke, Alzheimer's disease, artificial intelligence.

Received: August 24, 2024; Revised: September 29, 2024; Accepted: September 30, 2024; Prepublished online: September 30, 2024; Published: May 5, 2025  Show citation

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Školoudík D. The potential of artificial intelligence in the diagnosis and treatment of neurological diseases. Neurol. praxi. 2025;26(2):154-162. doi: 10.36290/neu.2024.065.
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