Neurol. pro Praxi, 2007; 3: 145-148

Priony a verejné zdravotníctvo

prof. Robert George Will MD, FRCP
National Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease Surveillance Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK

Prionové choroby človeka, známe aj ako transmisívne spongioformné encefalopatie, sú skupinou zriedkavých, ale bez výnimky fatálnych neurodegeneratívnych chorôb. Tvoria osobitný problém verejného zdravotníctva, tak kvôli absencii laboratórneho vyšetrenia, ktoré by „in vivo“ identifikovalo nakazené zvieratá a ľudí, ako aj kvôli inkubačnej dobe, ktorá presahuje roky až dekády. Identifikovanie variantu Creutzfeldtovej-Jakobovej choroby (CJch) ako zoonózy, kauzálne súvisiacej s bovinnou spongioformnou encefalopatiou (BSE) a predpokladaný prenos nákazy potravinovým reťazcom človeka, vzbudili nielen veľký záujem verejnosti, ale aj obavy odborníkov, ktoré pretrvávajú aj v dôsledku potvrdeného šírenia infekcie transfúziou krvi. Aj keď zatiaľ nebol pozorovaný vertikálny prenos ochorenia, ani sekundárny prenos nákazy kontaminovanými chirurgickými nástrojmi, alebo nová forma infekcie BSE u človeka, potrvá ešte veľa rokov, kým sa takéto možnosti budú môcť vylúčiť. Úlohou verejného zdravotníctva sú opatrenia, s cieľom minimalizovať u ľudí expozíciu BSE potravinami a tiež ich potenciálnu expozíciu inými rizikami ako napr. krv, krvné deriváty, alebo výrobky farmaceutického priemyslu

Keywords: prionové choroby, variant Creutzfeldtovej-Jakobovej choroby, riziko, potrava, krv

Published: August 1, 2007  Show citation

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Will RG. Priony a verejné zdravotníctvo. Neurol. praxi. 2007;8(3):145-148.
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