Slovo úvodem

prof. MUDr. Ivan Rektor, CSc.

Neurol. praxi. 2010;11(4):211  

Intoxikace v neurologii

doc. MUDr. Edvard Ehler, CSc. - editor hlavního tématu

Neurol. praxi. 2010;11(4):215  

Národní registr nemocí z povolání.

MUDr.Hana Rakovcová, MUDr.Zdenka Fenclová, CSc., Ing.Tomáš Navrátil, Ph.D., doc.MUDr.Pavel Urban, CSc.

Neurol. praxi. 2010;11(4):216-219  

Professional and Non-professional Intoxications with Lesion of the Central Nervous System in the Years 2005–2009 Reported by the Czech National Registry of Occupational Diseases and The Czech Toxicological Information Center The authors inform the readers on the number of professional and non-professional intoxications with lesion of central nervous system in the Czech Republic in years 2005–2009 (till 30. 10. 2009). The article is based on data reported by the Czech National Registry of Occupational Diseases, which is administered by the National Institute of Public Health in Prague, and by database of the Czech Toxicological Information...

Chronic toxic encephalopathy caused by organic solvents

doc.MUDr.Pavel Urban, CSc., prof.MUDr.Daniela Pelclová, CSc.

Neurol. praxi. 2010;11(4):220-223  

The risk of the central nervous system damage in terms of a chronic toxic encephalopathy caused by long-term low-level exposure to organic solvents is constantly in the focus of interest of the occupational neurology. Clinical manifestation of such a disease involves subjective neurasthenic complaints and subtle non-focal signs in the physical neurological examination. To assess the severity of impairment, two international classification systems are available. The boom of interest in the issue culminated in the 1970s, especially in the Scandinavian countries. Currently, it experiences a revival in connection with reports on findings in the...

Toxic neuropathy

doc.MUDr.Edvard Ehler, CSc., MUDr.Jan Latta

Neurol. praxi. 2010;11(4):224-227  

We have detected the 2 major trends in toxic neuropathies in our sample-set: i) professional toxic neuropathies incidence has decreased and ii) the number of drug-induced neuropathies has increased. It was proven that the axonal toxic neuropathies are the most frequent and long nerves are affected most severely. In clinical findings the lesion of sensory fibers prevails above the motor fibers lesion and above the signs of autonomic nerve dysfunction. The most important steps in the diagnostic process are the goal adhered history, the clinical picture, the neurophysiological investigation and blood and urine analysis. If the exposition to the...

Idiosyncratic adverse effects of antiepileptics and their clinical significance

doc.MUDr.Robert Kuba, Ph.D.

Neurol. praxi. 2010;11(4):228-231  

Idiosyncratic adverse effects account for only a small portion of all adverse effects of antiepileptic drugs. They are of significance particularly because some of them may be life-threatening for the patient. The review article provides basic information on the most common idiosyncratic adverse effects of antiepileptic drugs.

Occupapion-related chronic intoxication with technical petrol

MUDr.Alexandra Eichlerová, doc.MUDr.Edvard Ehler, CSc., MUDr.Jana Šalandová, MUDr.Jan Latta

Neurol. praxi. 2010;11(4):232-235  

Technical gasoline is a mixture of aliphatic and aromatic carbohydrates that is used for cleaning the metal products and components. It enters the human body by inhalation, less often through gastrointestinal and transdermal way. In 55-year old man a chronic intoxication of technical gasoline vapors developed during 10-month exposure. At first some unspecified symptoms occured (headaches, disturbances of concentration), then dyspnea with epigastric pain (he was shortly admitted to department of internal medicine), and lastly as an acute psychotic state (hospitalization in psychiatry). Since then there are outlasting psychiatric symptoms (anxiety,...

Chronic alcohol Intoxication

MUDr.Jana Junkerová, MUDr.Daniel Czerný

Neurol. praxi. 2010;11(4):236-238  

The author describes a case of 50-year-old woman, with no previous health problems, with three-year secret drinking of alcohol. The patient was admitted as an emergency with signs and symptoms of developed Wernicke encephalopathy, cerebellar degeneration and severe alcoholic polyneuropathy, all as a result of chronic alcoholism. Diagnosis is supported by laboratory, electrophysiological examinations and MRI. Patient is treated by substitution treatment and rehabilitation. The mental changes slowly and partially improved. Self-care and ability of independent living developed. Though long term rehabilitation a severe gait disturbace remained.

Sleep and epilepsy

MUDr.Vilém Novák, MUDr.Marie Kunčíková

Neurol. praxi. 2010;11(4):239-243  

The mutual interaction of epilepsies, epileptic seizures and sleep is multiple. There are seizure types and units of epilepsy classification closely related to sleep and biological rhythms. A number of patients with epilepsy predominantly have seizures in their sleep. Specific interictal epileptic activity and nocturnal seizures alter sleep architecture; frequently, fragmentation of nocturnal sleep occurs. Many sleep disorders, such as obstructive sleep apnoea, provoke and aggravate epileptic seizures. The effect of the antiepileptic medication used is also of significance.

Pharmacotherapy of advanced Parkinson’s disease with respect to the guidelines

prof.MUDr.Petr Kaňovský, CSc., MUDr.Kateřina Farníková

Neurol. praxi. 2010;11(4):244-249  

The therapeutic guidelines for Parkinson’s disease have been developed for more than 15 years. Due to improved recognition of the symptoms of the disease and extended therapeutic options, the original short and brief guidelines have been replaced by multipart guidelines that separately deal with motor and non-motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. Currently, there are both European and American variants of therapeutic guidelines which serve as guidance, but not an obligatory one; their application has to be creative and respect individual features of the disease in a particular patient.

Cervicogenic headache

MUDr.Miloslav Dvorák, PhD., MUDr.Martin Šimo

Neurol. praxi. 2010;11(4):250-255  

Headache is a very common problem neurologists encounter in their clinical practices. Differential diagnostic considerations commonly include the question whether or not the headache has a cervicogenic basis. The answer to this question is very complex since the pathophysio logy and diagnostic criteria are unclear, positive neuroimaging findings in the cervical area are common and tension and migraine headache may be involved; all these may contribute to overdiagnosing cervicogenic headache. The paper deals with cervicogenic headache and "cervical migraine", a clinically controversial clinical entity. Migraine is a primary headache disorder...

Demyelination and remyelination in CNS

MUDr.Pavel Hradílek, Ph.D.

Neurol. praxi. 2010;11(4):256-259  

Author summarizes recent knowledge about demyelination and remyelination in the central nervous system with intention to pathophysiological phenomenons, which determine these processes. New MRI methods enabling images of demyelinated and remyelinated brain and spinal cord tissue are shown. Author brings contemporary therapeutic options of support of remyelination in tissue affected with demyelinating process.

Headache and Multiple Sclerosis

MUDr.Soňa Feketová

Neurol. praxi. 2010;11(4):261-264  

Headache is not generally considered as a symptom of multiple sclerosis (MS). Several studies, however, have confirmed that headache is more common in MS patients when compared to control groups or general population. Its occurrence is reported in 4 % to 61.8 %, depending on individual studies. Headache may be the first sign of MS or may be manifested in the course of the disease. The most common type of headache in MS patients is migraine without aura and tension-type headache; cluster headache is less frequent. Less well-recognized but highly characteristic is intense headache in the nape of the neck associated with acute demyelination affecting...

Anxiety disorders in neurology

doc.MUDr.Ján Praško, CSc., MUDr.Pavel Doubek, MUDr.Tomáš Diveky, MUDr.Aleš Grambal, MUDr.Zuzana Grambalová, MUDr.Erik Herman, Ph.D., doc.MUDr.Jiří Hovorka, CSc., MUDr.Dana Kamarádová, MUDr.Andrea Kovaczová, MUDr.Klára Látalová, Ph.D., MUDr.Petr Šilhán

Neurol. praxi. 2010;11(4):265-270  

Anxiety disorders commonly occur in neurologic conditions, and the relationships they have with such conditions are of particular interest, pointing in some instances to the involvement of certain brain regions or circuits. Neurological illnesses in comorbidity with anxiety disorders are associated with greater functional impairment, increased utilization of health services, and less favorable outcome. The manifestations and comorbidities of various neurological illnesses routinely involve psychiatric diagnosis and management.

Pregabalin in treating epilepsy and its accompanying symptoms

doc.MUDr.Vladimír Donáth, PhD., MUDr.Ľubomír Lipovský, CSc.

Neurol. praxi. 2010;11(4):271-278  

Pregabalin binds to the alpha2-delta subunit of the voltage-gated calcium channel. A reduction in calcium (Ca2+) influx into the nerve terminals of up to 40 % is achieved by allosteric modulation. It results in reduced presynaptic release of neurotransmitters including noradrenaline, substance P and glutamate. Thus, an antiepileptic, anxiolytic and analgesic effect is obtained. Based on this premise, an open, prospective, post-marketing, interventional, multicentre trial was designed to investigate the adjuvant therapy for partial epilepsy and the effect of accompanying symptoms, such as depression, anxiety, memory, cognitive functions and...

Komentář k článku: Demyelinizace a remyelinizace v CNS, Hradílek P. Neurol. pro praxi 2010; 11(4): 256-259

MUDr. Olga Zapletalová

Neurol. praxi. 2010;11(4):279  

První český neurolog se stal členem prestižní Americké neurologické asociace

Mgr. Tereza Fojtová

Neurol. praxi. 2010;11(4):280  

VII. sympozium praktické neurologie, Brno, Hotel International, 3.-4. 6. 2010

Bartáková

Neurol. praxi. 2010;11(4):281-282