Slovo úvodem

prof. MUDr. Ivan Rektor, CSc.

Neurol. praxi. 2013;14(2):63  

Neurotraumatológia

prof. MUDr. Egon Kurča, Ph.D.

Neurol. praxi. 2013;14(2):66  

Craniocerebral injury news in acute care

MUDr.Vilém Juráň, Ph.D., prof.MUDr.Martin Smrčka, Ph.D.

Neurol. praxi. 2013;14(2):67-71  

In a synoptic work are described possibilities of current acute care of craniocerebral injury with emphasis on neuromonitoring. In the first part there is mentioned monitoring of basic system parameters such as ECG, pulse oximetry, blood pressure, body temperature, laboratory monitoring, central venous pressure and fluid balance in a view of the potential negative impact of their pathological values in brain tissue. The second part describes in more details the possibilities of cerebral monitoring with global monitoring parameters such as measurement of intracranial pressure and cerebral perfusion pressure measurement and local monitoring parameters,...

Current opinions on mild brain injury

MUDr.Štefan Sivák, PhD., MUDr.Vladimír Nosáľ, PhD., prof.MUDr.Egon Kurča, PhD.

Neurol. praxi. 2013;14(2):72-75  

Mild traumatic brain injury (MBI), or concussion, accounts for 70%–90% of all craniocerebral injuries and is one of the most common neurological and neurotraumatological diagnoses. The article deals with terminology issues, epidemiology, pathophysiology as well as the current concepts of acute diagnosis and subsequent management of mild head injuries. Serious complications of MTBI include persistent post-concussion symptoms, post-concussion syndrome, second-impact syndrome, and chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Of major social importance is prevention of craniocerebral injuries.

Posttraumatic epilepsy

MUDr.Katarína Klobučníková, PhD., MUDr.Zuzana Čarnická, MUDr.Petra Keményová, doc.MUDr.Branislav Kollár, PhD.

Neurol. praxi. 2013;14(2):76-79  

Posttraumatic epilepsy is defined as a symptomatic epilepsy with recurrent seizures that arise as a result of brain injury. There are still some very important and currently not fully understood questions about the relationship of craniocerebral trauma and epilepsy. Questions like: „Should we prescribe any prophylactic antiepileptic treatment after craniocerebral injury in order to prevent the occurrence of posttraumatic epilepsy? Are there any specific craniocerebral injuries, which more often lead to formation of posttraumatic epilepsy? How should posttraumatic seizures be treated? “ still resonate in the neurological community....

Craniocerebral injury and the use subsequent neurorehabilitation - description of the topic and the literature review

prof.MUDr.Martin Smrčka, Ph.D., MBA, doc.MUDr.Olga Švestková, Ph.D., MUDr.Ondřej Navrátil, Ph.D.

Neurol. praxi. 2013;14(2):80-83  

Severe craniocerebral injurie represent a problem for the whole society. The results of treatment of severe craniocerebral injurie are still not good enough, even though a lot of resources and efforts of health care proffesionals is being used particularly in the acute phase after the injury. Severe craniocerbral injurie represent the most common cause of death in persóna below 45 years of age and the majority of the surviving patients stayes severely desabled. Unfortunately, the concept of intensive neurorehabilitation, which was established in the civilised Europe, is completely lacking in the Czech Republic. Neurorehabilitation means a very...

Epilepsy in patients with multiple sclerosis

MUDr.Zuzana Čarnická, MUDr.Katarína Klobučníková, PhD., MUDr.Pavel Šiarnik, MUDr.Lucia Krížová, doc.MUDr.Branislav Kollár, PhD., prof.MUDr.Peter Turčáni, PhD.

Neurol. praxi. 2013;14(2):84-88  

Epilepsy and multiple sclerosis (MS) are disorders often seen in daily clinical praxis by neurologists. Rarely they occur together. Then question about their pathophysiological relation logically arises. New knowledge about the pathophysiology of these two disorders and progress of neuroimaging methods should be helpful in clarifying the relationship between these two disorders. According to several epidemiological studies, which analyzed the incidence and risk of epilepsy in patients with MS, the incidence of seizures is higher in patients with MS and seizures are caused by cortical and subcortical lesions and by their accompanying oedema....

Ketogenic diet

MUDr.Klára Brožová, MUDr.Jan Hadač, Ph.D.

Neurol. praxi. 2013;14(2):89-91  

The ketogenic diet is an established non-pharmacologic treatment for childhood intractable epilepsy. It is a high-fat, adequate-protein, low- -carbohydrate diet. Efficacy and safety of ketogenic diet has been proven in many clinical trials. If ketogenic diet was previously considered as an alternative medical procedure of „last choice“ nowadays its indications changed. For some epilepsies or epileptic syndromes is recommended after failure of two or three AEDs.

Behavioral complications of dopaminergic therapy in advanced Parkinson´s disease

MUDr.Kateřina Menšíková, MUDr.Igor Nestrašil, prof.MUDr.Ján Pavlov Praško, CSc.

Neurol. praxi. 2013;14(2):92-95  

Parkinson´s disease may be at advanced stage accompanied by behavioral symptoms such as impulse control disorders and dopamine dysregulation syndrome. Both the striationigral denervation induced by neurodegenerative process in substantia nigra and dopaminergic therapy may play a role in the development of these disorders. Dopamin plays an important role in the brain reward system and modulation of behavior. Specifically, disability of reward system induced by neuroadaptation changes and hypersensitization of striatal dopaminergic neurons is considered to be the cause of development of these disorders. The risk factors for development of behavioral...

Diagnostics and treatment of diabetic autonomic neuropathy

MUDr.Miriam Kozárová, PhD., MUDr.Mária Rašiová, PhD., prof.MUDr.Zuzana Gdovinová, PhD.

Neurol. praxi. 2013;14(2):96-100  

Diabetic autonomic neuropathy (DAN) is serious, common and also the most underdiagnosed complication of diabetes mellitus. Even nowadays diagnosis and treatment of DAN has not been fully appreciated, despite reported relationship of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy to an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality. DAN is frequently associated with other peripheral neuropathies and other diabetic complications, but it may be also isolated, frequently preceding the detection of other complications. DAN may affect many organ systems throught body, the most common is involvement of cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and genitourinary system. Major...

Parkinsonian syndrome induced by long-term manganese exposure

MUDr.David Franc, MUDr.Petra Smolková, MUDr.Kateřina Menšíková, prof.MUDr.Petr Kaňovský, CSc.

Neurol. praxi. 2013;14(2):101-103  

In our case report we describe a parkinsonian syndrome in a seventy-year old patient who was exposed to manganese on a long-term basis as a worker in a foundry of weapon steel from his twenty-six to sixty years of age. First symptoms of parkinsonian syndrome in this patient appeared at the age of forty-seven. Presently, the neurological findings include rigidity and bradykinesia in the upper extremities, hesitation, propulsion and absence of synkinesias during walk, hypomimia, postural instability. Laboratory findings were within normal limits, psychological investigation did not show any cognitive deficit. Dopaminergic reactivity was only...

Neuromyotonia

MUDr.Jana Junkerová, MUDr.Vítězslav Novák

Neurol. praxi. 2013;14(2):105-108  

We have described case of the young man with a rare diagnosis of acquired neuromyotonia with neuromuscular signs and symptoms of autonomic dysfunction. Except specific electromyographic findings, the diagnosis is documented by positive antibodies against voltage- -gated slow potassium channels. Due the assumption of paraneoplastic etiology the patient underwent comprehensive examination with no evidence of malignancy. The patient was treated with immunosuppressive, immunomodulatory therapy and symptomatic medications. Remission was achieved within several months and it is a question wether it was treatment effect or spontaneous remission.

Komentár k článku Klobučníkové K. „Posttraumatická epilepsia “

doc. MUDr. Vladimír Donáth, CSc.

Neurol. praxi. 2013;14(2):109  

Publikujeme v zahraničí

Neurol. praxi. 2013;14(2):110  

James Parkinson and his time

MUDr.Kateřina Menšíková, prof.MUDr.Petr Kaňovský, CSc., prof.MUDr.Ing.Petr Hluštík, Ph.D.

Neurol. praxi. 2013;14(2):111-114  

It is almost 200 years ago when James Parkinson described the disease which bears his name today. Looking on the career of James Parkinson, it seems to be an extraordinary issue of his work. London Hoxton surgeon and apothecary has been scientifically attracted predominantly to paleontology; his medical writings can be characterised rather as simple case reports or health science recommendations. His „Essay on the shaking palsy“ is therefore a surprising swell of his genius in the field, which by himself has been seen as a good craft than a science.