Slovo úvodem

prof. MUDr. Ivan Rektor, CSc., FCMA, FANA

Neurol. praxi. 2017;18(6):363  

Spinální neurologie

prof. MUDr. Ivana Štětkářová, CSc. – editorka hlavního tématu

Neurol. praxi. 2017;18(6):367 | DOI: 10.36290/neu.2017.113  

Differential diagnostics of spinal cord disorders

doc. MUDr. Edvard Ehler, CSc., prof. MUDr. Ivana Štětkářová, CSc.

Neurol. praxi. 2017;18(6):368-372 | DOI: 10.36290/neu.2017.046  

Signs and symptoms of spinal cord disorders, spinal syndromes according to the longitudinal a transversde levelsare sufficiently known. But to establish a quick and purposeful process with a quite broad differential diagnosticsand to determine the way to a correct diagnosis, this may be a considerable problém. Nowadays, in the diagnosticsof spinal cord disorders the leading role belongs to MRI, followed by electrophysiology, liquorology, dynamics of thedisorder. The particular disorders are possible to divide accor according to longitudinal localization (from cervicocranialjunction to caud equina) or to localize on the cross-sectio(funicular or horn...

Neurophysiologcal methods in diagnosis of spinal cord lesions

prof. MUDr. Ivana Štětkářová, CSc.

Neurol. praxi. 2017;18(6):373-379 | DOI: 10.36290/neu.2017.114  

Neurophysiological methods are less and less significant contributing to diagnosis of spinal cord lesions in the period of continuoustechnical improvement of imaging methods such as magnetic resonance, PET/CT, etc. However, their benefit remains in diagnosis,prognosis, evidence of subclinical dysfunction, or clear evidence of a spinal cord lesion that is not apparent on morphologicalmethods. These morphological methods (magnetic resonance imaging, CT, x-ray) reliably determine anatomical proportions inthe spinal canal, including structures that are located near the spinal cord and spinal roots. A correlation between morphologicaland functional methods...

Spinal imaging

MUDr. Jiří Weichet, Ph.D., doc. MUDr. Hana Malíková, Ph.D.

Neurol. praxi. 2017;18(6):380-384 | DOI: 10.36290/neu.2018.038  

Review article sumarises recent imaging possibilities of spinal cord and its diseases. The stress is put on the magnetic resonanceimaging (MRI) as the only method for spinal cord leasion visualisation. Both basic and advanced MRI techniques and sequenciesare explained, possible drawbacks included. The short differential of common spinal cord leasions in MRI is discussed at the end.

Spinal cord lesions from neurosurgical perspective

MUDr. Filip Šámal, MUDr. Mgr. Martin Ouzký, prof. MUDr. Pavel Haninec, CSc.

Neurol. praxi. 2017;18(6):386-388 | DOI: 10.36290/neu.2017.115  

Spinal cord lesions represent a complicated clinical problem connected with serious consequences both for the patient andthe society. Regenerative potential of spinal cord is extremely limited. From this point of view, fast diagnostics followed by anappropriate treatment based on the etiology of the lesion is fundamental. Etiology of spinal cord lesions can be traumatic andnon-traumatic. Traumatic spinal cord lesions are most often connected with spine injuries. Tumors, degenerative diseases andvarious hemorrhages are the most common cause of non-traumatic spinal cord lesions. Early decompression along with anadequate conservative treatment currently...

Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma as a possible complication of anticoagulant therapy

MUDr. Karel Brabec, MUDr. Lenka Jelínková, prof. MUDr. Ivana Štětkářová, CSc.

Neurol. praxi. 2017;18(6):389-393 | DOI: 10.36290/neu.2017.116  

Spontaneous spinal epidural hematomas (SSEH) are a rare nosologic unit among the spinal canal expansions. The first clinicalmanifestation of SSEH is usually a sudden acute pain in the back which is accompanied by neurological symptoms from the compressionof structures located within the spinal canal. Therefore almost any type of spinal cord or radicular lesion can appear inthe initial stage. Anticoagulant therapy is nowadays widespread from a variety of indications, especially in elderly patients whoalso have greater risks of complications of any treatment. SSEH belongs to very rare complication of this therapy. Magnetic resonanceimaging is a key morphological...

Kognice and multiple sclerosis

MUDr. Eva Hynčicová, MUDr. Eva Meluzínová, doc. MUDr. Jan Laczó, Ph.D.

Neurol. praxi. 2017;18(6):394-398 | DOI: 10.36290/neu.2018.055  

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease of the central nervous system leading primarily to motor and sensitive disability. Cognitivedeficit is present in almost 70 % of patients with MS and is detectable even at the earliest stage of MS – in patients with clinicallyisolated syndrome (CIS). Because cognitive deficit has an important impact on a patients‘ quality of life, it is important to focus ontheir potential cognitive deficit in routine clinical practice. The aim of this review is to summarize new findings about cognitivedeficit and neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with MS and to describe how to manage cognitive deficit in...

Biological therapy by Ocrelizumab (antiCD20) is surprisingly clinically effective in multiple sclerosis patients

prof. RNDr. Jan Krejsek, CSc.

Neurol. praxi. 2017;18(6):403-407 | DOI: 10.36290/neu.2017.117  

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the severe inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease of central nervous system. Unfavorable naturalcourse of MS is therapeutically changed by several effective drugs available. These drugs are in general targeting T cell systemwhich is supposed to be critically involved in MS pathogenesis. It was surprising that very good clinical response was achieved inMS patients in large clinical trials using antiCD20 monoclonal antibody, ocrelizumab. CD20 molecule is specifically expressed onmature B cells only. It could be delineated from these results that MS immunopathogenesis is much complex as previously thought.

How are patients with painful diabetic polyneuropathy treated?

doc. MUDr. Blanka Adamová, Ph.D., MUDr. Eva Vlčková, Ph.D., MUDr. Jana Raputová, MUDr. Iva Šrotová, doc. RNDr. Ladislav Dušek, Ph.D., RNDr. Jiří Jarkovský, Ph.D., prof. MUDr. Josef Bednařík, CSc.

Neurol. praxi. 2017;18(6):408-414 | DOI: 10.36290/neu.2017.118  

Introduction: Painful diabetic polyneuropathy (PDPN) is a frequent complication of diabetes; however, its severity is usuallyunderestimated and it is often not managed adequately. The aim of the study was to evaluate whether patients with PDPN werereceiving treatment for neuropathic pain and what the treatment response was.Methods: This is a retrospective evaluation of baseline data obtained from an observational, cross-sectional, multicentre cohortstudy. The study included 232 patients with diabetic polyneuropathy associated with type 1 or type 2 diabetes (92 women, medianage 63 years, age range 21–87 years). The occurrence of PDPN was determined...

Lewy body dementia with the clinical picture of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob´s disease

MUDr. Eva Pešlová, prof. MUDr. Milan Brázdil, Ph.D., prof. MUDr. Irena Rektorová Ph.D.

Neurol. praxi. 2017;18(6):415-421 | DOI: 10.36290/neu.2017.045  

We present here a case study of a patient suffering from rapidly progressive dementia with the clinical picture of Creutzfeldt-Jakob´s disease, which finally turned out to be a masked Lewy body dementia in which the dissection showed an influence ofother comorbidities. Lewy body dementia is in general underdiagnosed condition and there is a little clinical awareness. Thiscase study shows the need of familiarity with the diagnostic criteria of dementias. It is necessary to keep in mind the possibilityof combination of multiple diagnosis and brain pathologies which could produce an atypical clinical picture.

Převod pacienta z léčby kontinuálními subkutánními infuzemi apomorfinu na léčbu kontinuálními intrajejunálními infuzemi levodopy – kazuistika

Renata Coufalová

Neurol. praxi. 2017;18(6):426  

Multiple sclerosis: dimethyl fumarate and fingolimod – from clinical trials to clinical practice

doc. MUDr. Martin Vališ, Ph.D., MUDr. Zbyšek Pavelek

Neurol. praxi. 2017;18(6):399-402 | DOI: 10.36290/neu.2018.041  

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common autoimmune disorder affecting the central nervous system. It is the most commoncause of neurologic disability in young and middle-aged adults also. To minimize the clinical burden associated with MS, earlycontrol of CNS disease activity is a treatment priority. Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) and fingolimod are important drugs in the arsenalfor treating relaps/remitent type of MS. This article is concerned with the DMF and fingolimod in clinical trials and clinical practice.

Biologický otec moderní neurologie Jean–Martin Charcot (1825–1893)

prof. MUDr. Petr Kaňovský, CSc., FEAN

Neurol. praxi. 2017;18(6):432-435  

Co mám dělat, když dostanu termín pro vyšetření pacienta s pravděpodobnou roztroušenou sklerózou v centru za tři měsíce?

Neurol. praxi. 2017;18(6):430  

Lakunární ischemický iktus

MUDr. Linda Kašičková, MUDr. Pavel Ressner, Ph.D., doc. MUDr. Michal Bar, Ph.D.

Neurol. praxi. 2017;18(6):424 | DOI: 10.36290/neu.2019.005  

Guillaume-Benjamin-Amand Duchenne (1806–1875)

MUDr. Petra Plachá, prof. MUDr. Petr Kaňovský, CSc.

Neurol. praxi. 2017;18(6):437-438